Tableau Server Workgroup PostgreSQL Database Schema And Data Synchronization
December 7th, 2015 / 3 Comments » / by admin
Last client who engaged me to architect and develop a small data warehouse for them also made a large investment in Tableau as their default reporting platform. The warehouse data, small by today’s standards, was to be uploaded into Tableau server as a scheduled overnight extract and users granted access to reports/data on Tableau server rather than querying star schema relational tables directly (implemented on the SQL Server database engine). As data availability and therefore meeting BI SLAs was paramount to the project success, a robust notification system was put in place to log any data warehouse issues that may have arisen from all activities on the database server. However, even though all precautions were taken to ensure data warehouse failed processes were logged and corresponding issues mitigated accordingly, Tableau extract failures along with other Tableau server activities were largely unaccounted for due to the lack of data. How could one address this issue?
Tableau provides access to their internal server PostgreSQL metadata database with just a few simple steps. As it turns out, during installation Tableau Server will create the almost empty ‘workgroup’ repository with over 100+ tables, 900+ columns (about 100 of them used as Keys), 300+ joins and 16+ views which can be accessed and queried. Tableau Server works as a collection processes, processors, programs and applications, like data engine, data server, VizQL Server, application server etc. Each of those processes generates log with data about user activities, data connections, queries and extractions, errors, views and interactions, etc. which is parsed regularly and stored into PostgreSQL-based Tableau Server Administrative Database. PostgreSQL Server containing Workgroup DB usually runs on the same Windows Server as Main Tableau Server or (if Tableau Server runs on multi-mode cluster with Worker Tableau Server(s)) on other Windows Server, which runs Worker Tableau Server and uses non-standard TCP/IP port 8060. Tableau’s PostgreSQL database access is provided by means of using a few different accounts, each with its own set of privileges. In November 2014 Tableau Software introduced (Release 8.2.5) a new, default user, named ‘readonly’ with read access to all tables and views of Workgroup Repository which is what I’m going to be using to get ‘under the hood’. Other user commonly used for Tableau server metadata exploration, aptly named ‘tableau’ can also be used for Tableau server activity analysis but has access to fewer database objects.
The easiest way to connect to Tableau’s ‘workgroup’ database using ‘readonly’ account is opening an administrator command prompt on your Tableau Server, navigating to your Tableau Server bin directory and issuing the tabadmin dbpass command, specifying your chosen password. After server restart the changes should take effect and you should be able to see the following output.
PostgreSQL can now be queried using a client tool of your choice e.g. PgAdmin. This is what the ‘public’ schema with all its tables looks like when imported in Navicat Data Modeller (click on image to enlarge).
In order to connect to it from SQL Server we can simply download PostgreSQL ODBC driver and configure it with the credentials of the ‘readonly’ user.
All there is left to do is to create a linked server connection to PostgreSQL database directly from SQL Server Management Studio, exposing a collection of objects (tables and views) on the public schema.
Now we should be able to OPENQUERY Tableau metadata objects with ease but if we would like to go further and regularly copy Tableau’s data across to SQL Server (in case of my client that was precisely the requirement in order not to interfere with production database), the following code should provide this functionality.
Firstly, let’s create a sample database called ‘TableauDBCopy’ and a ‘tab’ schema on the SQL Server target instance. The below SQL snippet also creates and populates a small table called ‘tabSchemaObjectsExclude’ on the ‘dbo’ schema which stores table names we don’t want to import. The reason for this exclusion is that these tables do not contain the primary keys, therefore it is impossible to compare the two schemas using the code below which relies on primary key being defined on every single table object.
--CREATE 'TableauDBCopy' DATABASE AND 'tab' SCHEMA ON THE TARGET INSTANCE/SERVER
USE [master];
GO
IF EXISTS ( SELECT name
FROM sys.databases
WHERE name = N'TableauDBCopy' )
BEGIN
ALTER DATABASE TableauDBCopy SET SINGLE_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE;
DROP DATABASE TableauDBCopy;
END;
GO
CREATE DATABASE TableauDBCopy ON
( NAME = 'TableauDBCopy_dat',
FILENAME = 'D:\SQLData\MSSQL12.ServerName\MSSQL\DATA\TableauDBCopy.mdf',
SIZE = 500MB,
MAXSIZE = 2000MB,
FILEGROWTH = 100 ) LOG ON
( NAME = 'TableauDBCopy_log',
FILENAME = 'D:\SQLData\MSSQL12.ServerName\MSSQL\DATA\TableauDBCopy.ldf',
SIZE = 100MB,
MAXSIZE = 1000MB,
FILEGROWTH = 50MB );
GO
EXEC TableauDBCopy.dbo.sp_changedbowner @loginame = N'SA', @map = false;
GO
ALTER DATABASE TableauDBCopy SET RECOVERY SIMPLE;
GO
USE TableauDBCopy;
GO
CREATE SCHEMA tab AUTHORIZATION dbo;
GO
--CREATE EXCEPTION 'tabSchemaObjectsExclude' TABLE AND POPULATE IT WITH EXCEPTION DATA
CREATE TABLE dbo.tabSchemaObjectsExclude
(ObjectName VARCHAR (256))
GO
INSERT INTO dbo.tabSchemaObjectsExclude( ObjectName )
SELECT 'dataengine_configurations' UNION ALL
SELECT 'exportable_repository_id_columns' UNION ALL
SELECT 'exportable_tables_column_transformations' UNION ALL
SELECT 'monitoring_dataengine' UNION ALL
SELECT 'monitoring_postgresql' UNION ALL
SELECT 'permission_reasons' UNION ALL
SELECT 'schema_migrations' UNION ALL
SELECT 'users_view'
Next, let’s look at a simple stored procedure which compares the source schema (Tableau server public schema on the PostgreSQL database) with the target schema (our newly created SQL Server database with the ‘tab’ schema). This code is used to interrogate both databases for their ‘compatibility’ and tables metadata structure e.g. data types, character lengths, NULL-ablity, precision, scale etc. and if the target object(s) are found to be missing or out of sync with the source version, it creates a DROP and a CREATE table SQL DDLs statement on the fly and applies the changes directly in the target environment.
USE [TableauDBCopy]
GO
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_checkRemoteTableauServerTablesSchemaChanges]
(
@Remote_Server_Name VARCHAR (256),
@Remote_Server_DB_Name VARCHAR (128),
@Remote_Server_DB_Schema_Name VARCHAR (128),
@Target_DB_Name VARCHAR (128),
@Target_DB_Schema_Name VARCHAR (128),
@Is_All_OK INT OUTPUT ,
@Process_Name VARCHAR (250) OUTPUT ,
@Error_Message VARCHAR (MAX) OUTPUT
)
WITH RECOMPILE
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON
BEGIN
DECLARE @Is_ReCheck BIT = 0
DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR (MAX)
DECLARE @Is_Debug_Mode BIT = 1
DECLARE @Remote_Server_Tableau VARCHAR(55) = 'TABPOSTGRESQLPROD'
SET @Process_Name = ( SELECT OBJECT_NAME(objectid)
FROM sys.dm_exec_requests r
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(r.sql_handle) a
WHERE session_id = @@spid
)
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#t_seqfloats') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
DROP TABLE #t_seqfloats
END
;WITH Nbrs_3 ( n )
AS ( SELECT 1
UNION
SELECT 0
),
Nbrs_2 ( n )
AS ( SELECT 1
FROM Nbrs_3 n1
CROSS JOIN Nbrs_3 n2
),
Nbrs_1 ( n )
AS ( SELECT 1
FROM Nbrs_2 n1
CROSS JOIN Nbrs_2 n2
),
Nbrs_0 ( n )
AS ( SELECT 1
FROM Nbrs_1 n1
CROSS JOIN Nbrs_1 n2
),
Nbrs ( n )
AS ( SELECT 1
FROM Nbrs_0 n1
CROSS JOIN Nbrs_0 n2
)
SELECT 'float' + CAST(n AS VARCHAR(2)) seq_floats
INTO #t_seqfloats
FROM ( SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY n )
FROM Nbrs
) D ( n )
WHERE n <= 53
UNION ALL
SELECT 'float'
Check_RemoteSvr_Schema:
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#t_allTblMetadata') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
DROP TABLE [#t_allTblMetadata]
END
CREATE TABLE tempdb..[#t_allTblMetadata]
(
table_name VARCHAR(256),
column_name VARCHAR(256),
ordinal_position INT ,
is_nullable BIT ,
data_type VARCHAR (256) ,
character_maximum_length BIGINT,
numeric_scale SMALLINT,
numeric_precision SMALLINT,
is_primary_key BIT,
local_schema_name VARCHAR(55),
remote_schema_name VARCHAR(55),
local_or_remote VARCHAR(25)
)
SET @SQL = '
INSERT INTO #t_allTblMetadata
(
[table_name]
,[column_name]
,[ordinal_position]
,[is_nullable]
,[data_type]
,[character_maximum_length]
,[numeric_scale]
,[numeric_precision]
,[is_primary_key]
,[local_schema_name]
,[remote_schema_name]
,[local_or_remote]
)
SELECT
LTRIM(RTRIM(a.table_name)) AS table_name,
LTRIM(RTRIM(a.column_name)) AS column_name,
LTRIM(RTRIM(a.ordinal_position)) AS ordinal_position,
CASE WHEN a.is_nullable = ''YES''
THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS is_nullable,
LTRIM(RTRIM(a.udt_name)) AS data_type,
--a.data_type AS data_type,
LTRIM(RTRIM(a.character_maximum_length)) AS character_maximum_length,
LTRIM(RTRIM(a.numeric_scale)) AS numeric_scale,
LTRIM(RTRIM(a.numeric_precision)) AS numeric_precision,
--b.primary_key_definition,
CASE WHEN b.PK_column_name IS NULL
THEN 0 ELSE 1 END AS is_primary_key,
''tab'' AS local_schema_name,
LTRIM(RTRIM(a.table_schema)) AS remote_schema_name,
''remote'' AS local_or_remote
FROM OPENQUERY(' +@remote_server_name+ ',
''select
c.table_name,
c.column_name,
c.ordinal_position,
c.is_nullable,
c.data_type,
c.udt_name ,
c.character_maximum_length,
c.numeric_scale,
c.numeric_precision,
c.table_schema
from information_schema.columns c
where c.table_catalog = ''''workgroup'''' and c.table_schema = ''''public'''''') a
LEFT JOIN
OPENQUERY(' +@remote_server_name+ ',
''select
cl.relname as table_name,
co.conname as constraint_name,
co.contype conatraint_type,
pg_get_constraintdef(co.oid) AS primary_key_definition ,
ns.nspname as schema_name,
pa.attname as PK_column_name
from pg_class cl join pg_constraint co on cl.oid = co.conrelid
join pg_namespace ns on cl.relnamespace = ns.oid
join pg_attribute pa on pa.attrelid = cl.oid and pa.attnum = co.conkey[1]
where co.contype = ''''p''''
and cl.relkind=''''r''''
and ns.nspname = ''''public'''''') b
ON a.table_name = b.table_name AND a.table_schema = b.[schema_name] AND a.column_name = b.PK_column_name
WHERE SUBSTRING(a.table_name, 1, 1) <> ''_'' AND SUBSTRING(a.table_name, 1, 7) <> ''orphans''
AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT objectname FROM TableauDBCopy.dbo.tabSchemaObjectsExclude o WHERE o.objectname = a.table_name)
ORDER BY a.table_name, a.ordinal_position'
IF @Is_Debug_Mode = 1
BEGIN
PRINT CHAR(13) + 'SQL statement for acquiring ''source'' tables metadata into #t_allTblMetadata temp table:'
PRINT '-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------'
PRINT @SQL +REPLICATE(CHAR(13),2)
END
EXEC(@SQL)
IF @Is_Debug_Mode = 1
BEGIN
SELECT '#t_allTblMetadata table content for remote objects metadata:' AS 'HINT'
SELECT *
FROM #t_allTblMetadata WHERE local_or_remote = 'Remote'
ORDER BY table_name, ordinal_position
END
IF @Is_ReCheck = 1
BEGIN
GOTO Check_Local_Schema
END
Check_Local_Schema:
SET @SQL =
'INSERT INTO #t_allTblMetadata
(
[table_name]
,[column_name]
,[ordinal_position]
,[is_nullable]
,[data_type]
,[character_maximum_length]
,[numeric_scale]
,[numeric_precision]
,[is_primary_key]
,[local_schema_name]
,[remote_schema_name]
,[local_or_remote]
)
SELECT
t.name AS table_name ,
c.name AS column_name ,
c.column_id AS ordinal_position ,
c.is_nullable ,
tp.name AS data_type ,
c.max_length AS character_maximum_length ,
c.scale AS numeric_scale ,
c.precision AS numeric_precision ,
ISNULL(idx.pk_flag,0) as ''is_primary_key'' ,
ss.name ,
''public'' ,
''local'' AS local_or_remote
FROM sys.tables t
JOIN sys.columns c ON t.object_id = c.object_id
JOIN sys.types tp ON c.user_type_id = tp.user_type_id
JOIN sys.objects so ON so.object_id = t.object_id
JOIN sys.schemas ss ON so.schema_id = ss.schema_id
LEFT JOIN (select i.name as index_name, i.is_primary_key as pk_flag, OBJECT_NAME(ic.OBJECT_ID) AS table_name,
COL_NAME(ic.OBJECT_ID,ic.column_id) AS column_name FROM sys.indexes AS i INNER JOIN
sys.index_columns AS ic ON i.OBJECT_ID = ic.OBJECT_ID
AND i.index_id = ic.index_id
WHERE i.is_primary_key = 1) idx on idx.table_name = t.name and idx.column_name = c.name
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES tt on tt.table_schema = ss.name and tt.table_name = t.name
WHERE t.type = ''u''
AND tt.TABLE_CATALOG = '''+@Target_DB_Name+'''
AND ss.name = '''+@Target_DB_Schema_Name+''''
IF @Is_Debug_Mode = 1
BEGIN
PRINT 'SQL statement for acquiring ''target'' tables metadata into #t_allTblMetadata temp table:'
PRINT '-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------'
PRINT @SQL +REPLICATE(CHAR(13),2)
END
EXEC(@SQL)
IF @Is_Debug_Mode = 1
BEGIN
SELECT '#t_allTblMetadata table content for local objects metadata:' AS 'HINT'
SELECT *
FROM #t_allTblMetadata WHERE local_or_remote = 'local'
ORDER BY table_name, ordinal_position
END
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#t_sql') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
DROP TABLE [#t_sql]
END
SELECT DISTINCT
t1.table_name AS Table_Name ,
t1.local_schema_name AS Local_Schema_Name ,
'create table [' + t1.local_schema_name + '].['
+ LOWER(t1.table_name) + '] (' + STUFF(o.list, LEN(o.list), 1, '')
+ ')' + CASE WHEN t2.is_primary_key = 0 THEN ''
ELSE '; ALTER TABLE [' + t1.local_schema_name
+ '].[' + t1.table_name + '] '
+ ' ADD CONSTRAINT pk_'
+ LOWER(t1.local_schema_name) + '_'
+ LOWER(t2.table_name) + '_' +
LOWER(REPLACE(t2.pk_column_names,',','_'))
+' PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ' + '('
+ LOWER(t2.pk_column_names) + ')'
END AS Create_Table_Schema_Definition_SQL ,
'if object_id (''[' + t1.local_schema_name + '].['
+ t1.table_name + ']' + ''', ''U'') IS NOT NULL drop table ['
+ t1.local_schema_name + '].[' + t1.table_name + ']' AS Drop_Table_SQL
INTO #t_sql
FROM #t_allTblMetadata t1
CROSS APPLY ( SELECT '[' + column_name + '] '
+ CASE WHEN data_type IN ( 'bigint',
'int8',
'bigserial')
THEN 'bigint'
WHEN data_type IN ( 'integer',
'serial4',
'serial',
'int4',
'int',
'oid')
THEN 'int'
WHEN data_type IN ( 'smallint',
'serial2',
'smallserial',
'int2')
THEN 'smallint'
WHEN data_type IN ( 'uuid')
THEN 'uniqueidentifier'
WHEN data_type IN ( 'bool',
'boolean' )
THEN 'bit'
WHEN data_type IN ( 'timestamp',
'timestamptz')
THEN 'datetime'
WHEN data_type IN ( 'bytea',
'json',
'text',
'varchar')
THEN 'nvarchar'
WHEN data_type IN ( SELECT * FROM #t_seqfloats )
THEN 'float'
ELSE data_type
END
+ CASE WHEN data_type IN ('int2',
'int4',
'int8',
'oid',
'timestamp',
'uuid',
'bool')
THEN ''
WHEN
data_type IN ('text', 'json', 'bytea') OR (data_type = 'varchar' and character_maximum_length IS NULL) OR character_maximum_length > 8000
THEN '(max)'
WHEN data_type = 'decimal'
THEN '('
+ CAST(numeric_precision AS VARCHAR)
+ ', '
+ CAST(numeric_scale AS VARCHAR)
+ ')'
WHEN data_type in (SELECT * FROM #t_seqfloats)
THEN '(53)'
ELSE COALESCE('(' + CAST(character_maximum_length AS VARCHAR) + ')', '')
END + ' '
+( CASE WHEN is_nullable = 0
THEN 'NOT '
ELSE ''
END ) + 'NULL' + ','
FROM #t_allTblMetadata
WHERE table_name = t1.table_name AND local_or_remote = 'Remote'
ORDER BY ordinal_position
FOR
XML PATH('')
) o ( list )
JOIN ( SELECT table_name ,
is_primary_key ,
pk_column_names ,
column_name = REVERSE(RIGHT(REVERSE(pk_column_names),
LEN(pk_column_names)
- CHARINDEX(',',
REVERSE(pk_column_names))))
FROM ( SELECT table_name ,
is_primary_key ,
pk_column_names = STUFF(( SELECT
','
+CAST(column_name AS VARCHAR(500))
FROM
#t_allTblMetadata z2
WHERE
z1.table_name = z2.table_name
AND z2.is_primary_key = 1
AND z2.local_or_remote = 'Remote'
ORDER BY z2.column_name ASC
FOR
XML
PATH('')
), 1, 1, '')
FROM #t_allTblMetadata z1
WHERE z1.is_primary_key = 1
AND z1.local_or_remote = 'Remote'
GROUP BY z1.table_name ,
z1.is_primary_key
) a
) t2 ON t1.table_name = t2.table_name
WHERE t1.local_schema_name <> 'unknown' and t1.local_or_remote = 'Remote'
IF @Is_Debug_Mode = 1
BEGIN
SELECT '#t_sql table content:' AS 'HINT'
SELECT *
FROM #t_sql
ORDER BY Table_Name
END
IF @Is_ReCheck = 1
BEGIN
GOTO Do_Table_Diff
END
Do_Table_Diff:
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#t_diff') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
DROP TABLE [#t_diff]
END
;WITH Temp_CTE ( table_name, column_name, is_nullable, data_type, local_schema_name, is_primary_key, character_maximum_length, numeric_scale, numeric_precision )
AS (
SELECT table_name = m.table_name ,
column_name = m.column_name ,
is_nullable = m.is_nullable ,
data_type = CASE WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'bigint',
'int8',
'bigserial')
THEN 'bigint'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'integer',
'serial4',
'serial',
'int4',
'int',
'oid')
THEN 'int'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'smallint',
'serial2',
'smallserial',
'int2')
THEN 'smallint'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'uuid')
THEN 'uniqueidentifier'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'bool',
'boolean' )
THEN 'bit'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'timestamp',
'timestamptz')
THEN 'datetime'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'bytea',
'json',
'text',
'varchar')
THEN 'nvarchar'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( SELECT * FROM #t_seqfloats )
THEN 'float'
ELSE m.data_type
END,
local_schema_name = m.local_schema_name ,
is_primary_key = m.is_primary_key ,
character_maximum_length = COALESCE(CASE WHEN
m.data_type IN ('text', 'json', 'bytea') OR (m.data_type = 'varchar' and m.character_maximum_length IS NULL) OR m.character_maximum_length > 8000
THEN 'max'
ELSE CAST(m.character_maximum_length AS VARCHAR) END,
constants.character_maximum_length ,
CAST(l.character_maximum_length AS VARCHAR)),
numeric_scale = COALESCE( constants.numeric_scale,
CAST(m.numeric_scale AS VARCHAR),
CAST(l.numeric_scale AS VARCHAR)),
numeric_precision = COALESCE( constants.numeric_precision,
CAST(m.numeric_precision AS VARCHAR),
CAST(l.numeric_precision AS VARCHAR))
FROM #t_allTblMetadata m
LEFT JOIN ( SELECT 'char' AS data_type ,
NULL AS character_maximum_length ,
0 AS numeric_scale ,
0 AS numeric_precision
UNION ALL
SELECT 'varchar' ,
NULL ,
'0' ,
'0'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'time' ,
'5' ,
'7' ,
'16'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'date' ,
'3' ,
'0' ,
'10'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'datetime' ,
'8' ,
'3' ,
'23'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'datetime2' ,
'8' ,
'7' ,
'27'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'smalldatetime' ,
'4' ,
'0' ,
'16'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'bit' ,
'1' ,
'0' ,
'1'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'float' ,
'8' ,
'0' ,
'53'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'money' ,
'8' ,
'4' ,
'19'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'smallmoney' ,
'4' ,
'4' ,
'10'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'uniqueidentifier' ,
'16' ,
'0' ,
'0'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'xml' ,
'max' ,
'0' ,
'0'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'numeric' ,
'9' ,
'0' ,
'18'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'real' ,
'4' ,
'0' ,
'24'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'tinyint' ,
'1' ,
'0' ,
'3'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'smallint' ,
'2' ,
'0' ,
'5'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'int' ,
'4' ,
'0' ,
'10'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'bigint' ,
'8' ,
'0' ,
'19'
) constants ON (CASE WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'bigint',
'int8',
'bigserial')
THEN 'bigint'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'integer',
'serial4',
'serial',
'int4',
'int',
'oid')
THEN 'int'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'smallint',
'serial2',
'smallserial',
'int2')
THEN 'smallint'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'uuid')
THEN 'uniqueidentifier'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'bool',
'boolean' )
THEN 'bit'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'timestamp',
'timestamptz')
THEN 'datetime'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'bytea',
'json',
'text',
'varchar')
THEN 'nvarchar'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( SELECT * FROM #t_seqfloats )
THEN 'float'
ELSE m.data_type
END ) = constants.data_type
LEFT JOIN #t_allTblMetadata l ON l.column_name = m.column_name
AND l.table_name = m.table_name
AND l.data_type = ( CASE WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'bigint',
'int8',
'bigserial')
THEN 'bigint'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'integer',
'serial4',
'serial',
'int4',
'int',
'oid')
THEN 'int'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'smallint',
'serial2',
'smallserial',
'int2')
THEN 'smallint'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'uuid')
THEN 'uniqueidentifier'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'bool',
'boolean' )
THEN 'bit'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'timestamp',
'timestamptz')
THEN 'datetime'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( 'bytea',
'json',
'text',
'varchar')
THEN 'nvarchar'
WHEN m.data_type IN ( SELECT * FROM #t_seqfloats )
THEN 'float'
ELSE m.data_type
END ) AND l.local_or_remote = 'Local'
WHERE m.local_or_remote = 'Remote'
EXCEPT
SELECT table_name ,
column_name ,
is_nullable ,
data_type ,
local_schema_name ,
is_primary_key ,
CASE WHEN character_maximum_length > 8000 OR character_maximum_length = -1
THEN 'max'
WHEN data_type IN ('nvarchar', 'nchar') THEN CAST(character_maximum_length/2 AS VARCHAR)
ELSE CAST(character_maximum_length AS VARCHAR) END AS character_maximum_length,
numeric_scale ,
numeric_precision
FROM #t_allTblMetadata
WHERE local_or_remote ='Local'
)
SELECT DISTINCT
table_name ,
local_schema_name
INTO #t_diff
FROM Temp_CTE
IF @Is_Debug_Mode = 1
BEGIN
SELECT '#t_diff table content:' AS 'HINT'
SELECT *
FROM #t_diff
END
IF @Is_ReCheck = 1
GOTO Results
Run_SQL:
IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT DISTINCT
Table_Name ,
Local_Schema_Name
FROM #t_sql a
WHERE EXISTS ( SELECT table_name
FROM #t_diff i
WHERE a.Table_Name = i.table_name ) )
BEGIN
GOTO Schema_Diff_ReCheck
END
ELSE
BEGIN
DECLARE @schema_name VARCHAR(50)
DECLARE @table_name VARCHAR(256)
DECLARE @sql_select_dropcreate NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE db_cursor CURSOR FORWARD_ONLY
FOR
SELECT DISTINCT
Table_Name ,
Local_Schema_Name
FROM #t_sql a
WHERE EXISTS ( SELECT table_name
FROM #t_diff i
WHERE a.Table_Name = i.table_name )
OPEN db_cursor
FETCH NEXT
FROM db_cursor INTO @table_name, @schema_name
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
BEGIN TRY
BEGIN TRANSACTION
SET @sql_select_dropcreate = ( SELECT
Drop_Table_SQL
FROM
#t_sql
WHERE
Table_Name = @table_name
) + '; ' +CHAR(13)
+ ( SELECT Create_Table_Schema_Definition_SQL
FROM #t_sql
WHERE Table_Name = @table_name
) + REPLICATE(CHAR(13),2)
IF @Is_Debug_Mode = 1
BEGIN
PRINT 'SQL statement for dropping/recreating ''source'' table(s):'
PRINT '-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------'
PRINT @sql_select_dropcreate
END
EXEC sp_sqlexec @sql_select_dropcreate
--SET @Is_All_OK = 1
SET @Error_Message = 'All Good!'
COMMIT TRANSACTION
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
IF @@TRANCOUNT > 0
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;
SET @Is_All_OK = 0
SET @Error_Message = 'This operation has been unexpectandly terminated due to error: '''
+ ERROR_MESSAGE() + ''' at line '
+ CAST(ERROR_LINE() AS VARCHAR);
END CATCH
FETCH NEXT FROM db_cursor INTO @table_name,@schema_name
END
CLOSE db_cursor
DEALLOCATE db_cursor
SET @Is_ReCheck = 1
END
Schema_Diff_ReCheck:
IF @Is_ReCheck = 1
BEGIN
GOTO Check_RemoteSvr_Schema
END
Results:
IF EXISTS ( SELECT TOP 1
*
FROM #t_diff )
BEGIN
SET @Is_All_OK = 0
SET @Error_Message = 'Table schema reconciliation between '
+ '' + @@SERVERNAME + ''
+ ' and remote database on '''+@remote_server_name+'''' + CHAR(10)
SET @Error_Message = @Error_Message + 'failed. Please troubleshoot.'
END
ELSE
BEGIN
SET @Is_All_OK = 1
SET @Error_Message = 'All Good!'
END
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#t_seqfloats') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
DROP TABLE #t_seqfloats
END
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#t_allTblMetadata') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
DROP TABLE [#t_allTblMetadata]
END
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#t_sql') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
DROP TABLE [#t_sql]
END
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#t_sql') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
DROP TABLE [#t_diff]
END
END
Finally, we are ready to load the Tableau PostgreSQL data into the ‘TableauDBCopy’ database tables on the ‘tab’ schema. For that we can use SQL Server Integration Services but since the ‘workgroup’ database is quite small in size and most tables have a primary key defined on them, we can load the data in a sequential order i.e. table by table using a modified version of my database replication stored procedure which I described in one of my previous blog posts HERE. The stored procedure works in a similar fashion to the one described previously but allowances needed to be made in order to enable PostgreSQL and SQL Server data types and certain conventions conformance e.g. certain PostgreSQL reserved words need to be encapsulated in double quotes in the OPENQUERY statements in order to be validated and recognized by SQL Server. Likewise, certain SQL Server reserved words need to be used with square brackets delimiters. To reference those exceptions, I have created two views (downloadable from HERE) which are used in the merging stored procedure to provide greater cross-database compatibility. The code to the stored procedure works on a table-to-table basis but it it’s would not very hard to make it loop through a collection of objects e.g. using a cursor or ‘Foreach Loop’ SSIS transformation to automate a comprehensive data load. If, on the other hand, a much faster, asynchronous load is required you can always check out one of my previous blog posts on parallel SQL statements execution using SQL Server Agent jobs HERE. All the code for the data synchronization across Tableau’s PostgreSQL database and SQL Server instance as well as other T-SQL snippets presented in the post can be downloaded from my OneDrive folder HERE.
Below is a short video depicting how this solution works using both – schema synchronisation and data synchronisation stored procedures.
The ‘workgroup’ database data dictionary with all PostgreSQL objects description can be found HERE.
